{"id":4658,"date":"2025-12-18T15:33:53","date_gmt":"2025-12-18T07:33:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/?p=4658"},"modified":"2025-12-18T15:33:53","modified_gmt":"2025-12-18T07:33:53","slug":"202512-%e8%ae%ba%e6%96%87%e7%a0%94%e8%af%bb-domaino1s-guiding-llm-reasoning-for-explainable-answers-in-high-stakes-domains","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/202512-%e8%ae%ba%e6%96%87%e7%a0%94%e8%af%bb-domaino1s-guiding-llm-reasoning-for-explainable-answers-in-high-stakes-domains\/","title":{"rendered":"202512 \u8bba\u6587\u7814\u8bfb-Domaino1s: Guiding LLM Reasoning for Explainable Answers in High-Stakes Domains"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aXu Chu, Zhijie Tan, Hanlin Xue, Guanyu Wang, Tong Mo, Weiping Li<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5355\u4f4d\uff1aSchool of Software and Microelectronics, Peking University<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6765\u6e90\uff1aAssociation for Computational Linguistics 2025<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2025.07.27<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a[<\/a><\/u>Domaino1s: Guiding LLM Reasoning for Explainable Answers
in High-Stakes Domains<\/a>]<\/a><\/u><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e00. \u7814\u7a76\u80cc\u666f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u9886\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u521a\u6027\u9700\u6c42\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\uff1a
1. \u8bb8\u591a\u9886\u57df\u6a21\u578b\u503e\u5411\u8f93\u51fa\u201c\u7b80\u77ed\u7ed3\u8bba\u201d\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002
2. \u5728\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u51b3\u7b56\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u89e3\u91ca\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u4fe1\u4efb\u4e0e\u53ef\u5ba1\u8ba1\u6027\u3002
3. CoT\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5206\u6b65\u63a8\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u5355\u6b21\u751f\u6210\u7f3a\u5c11\u7ea0\u9519\u673a\u5236\uff1a\u524d\u9762\u4e00\u6b65\u9519\uff0c\u540e\u7eed\u4f1a\u6cbf\u9519\u8bef\u8def\u5f84\u7ee7\u7eed\u63a8\u7406\u3002
4. \u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u9519\u8bef\u63a8\u7406\u94fe\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u5165\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4e0e\u4f26\u7406\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u201c\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca + \u53ef\u7ea0\u9519\u201d\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u8303\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9762\u5411\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u9886\u57df\u7684\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u591a\u6b65\u63a8\u7406\u6846\u67b6Domaino1s\uff1a\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03\u8ba9\u6a21\u578b\u5b66\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u63a8\u7406\uff0c\u518d\u7528\u6811\u641c\u7d22\u5f0f\u7684\u591a\u8def\u5f84\u63a2\u7d22\u505a\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u81ea\u7ea0\u9519\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bc4\u4ef7\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u7684\u6307\u6807 PROOF-Score\uff0c\u8ba9\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u53bb\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fd1\u4f3c\u4e13\u5bb6\u5316\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e8c. \u8bba\u6587\u6982\u8981<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u4f53\uff1aDomaino1s-finance \u4e0e Domaino1s-legal\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u7528\u4e8e\u80a1\u7968\u6295\u8d44\u5efa\u8bae\u4e0e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u63a8\u7406\u95ee\u7b54\u3002\u8bad\u7ec3\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u7528 GPT-4o \u751f\u6210\u7ed3\u6784\u5316 CoT \u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03\uff0c\u6784\u9020\u65f6\u7528\u7279\u6b8a token \u6807\u6ce8\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4f46\u5fae\u8c03\u65f6\u79fb\u9664\u8fd9\u4e9b token\uff0c\u8ba9\u6a21\u578b\u5b66\u4f1a\u81ea\u4e3b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u95f4\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u63a8\u7406\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa Selective Tree Exploration\uff0c\u7528\u201c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u56f0\u60d1\u5ea6\u201d\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u6269\u5c55\u65b0\u8def\u5f84\u5e76\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u4f18\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u4e0e\u63a8\u7406\u8017\u65f6\u95f4\u6298\u4e2d\u3002\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u9762\uff1a\u9664\u51c6\u786e\u7387\u5916\uff0c\u5f15\u5165 PROOF-Score\u8bc4\u4f30\u89e3\u91ca\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e09. \u65b9\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. \u6784\u5efa\u9886\u57df CoT \u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\uff1a
    1) \u7528 GPT-4o \u751f\u6210\u9886\u57df\u5316\u63a8\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6784\u5efa CoT-stock-2k \u4e0e CoT-legal-2k\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6fc0\u53d1\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002
    2) \u6784\u9020\u9636\u6bb5\u4f7f\u752826\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a token\uff08\u5982 \uff09\u663e\u5f0f\u6807\u8bb0\u4e0d\u540c\u63a8\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1b\u5fae\u8c03\u65f6\u79fb\u9664 token\uff0c\u4f7f\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u63a8\u7406\u65f6\u201c\u81ea\u9009\u6b65\u9aa4 + \u81ea\u7ec4\u7ec7\u94fe\u6761\u201d\u3002
    \u672c\u6587\u7ed9\u51fa\u89c2\u70b9\uff1a\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u6837\u672c\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u704c\u5165\u5927\u91cf\u9886\u57df\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8ba9\u6a21\u578b\u5b66\u4f1a\u9886\u57df\u5185\u5982\u4f55\u63a8\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    2. Domaino1s \u65b9\u6cd5\u6846\u67b6\uff1aSFT \u6fc0\u53d1\u63a8\u7406 + Tree Search \u7ea0\u9519 + PROOF \u8bc4\u4ef7\u89e3\u91ca
    1) \u9886\u57df CoT \u6570\u636e(GPT-4o \u751f\u6210 + \u7279\u6b8a token \u6807\u6ce8)
    2) \u76d1\u7763\u5fae\u8c03 SFT(\u79fb\u9664 token \u2192 \u81ea\u4e3b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6b65\u9aa4)
    3) \u63a8\u7406\u751f\u6210 Selective TreeExploration\uff08\u7ea0\u9519\uff09
    4) \u8bc4\u4f30\uff1aAccuracy + PROOF-Score\uff08RC\/DS\/FA\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • RC\uff1a\u63a8\u7406\u662f\u5426\u5b8c\u6574\u4e14\u903b\u8f91\u8fde\u8d2f<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • DS\uff1a\u9886\u57df\u5b89\u5168\/\u5408\u89c4\u6027\uff08\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5f53\u5efa\u8bae\u6216\u98ce\u9669\u8f93\u51fa\uff09<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • FA\uff1a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u51c6\u786e\u6027\uff08\u5f15\u7528\/\u9648\u8ff0\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      3. Selective Tree Exploration\uff1a\u7528\u201c\u56f0\u60d1\u5ea6\u9608\u503c\u201d\u89e6\u53d1\u5c40\u90e8\u91cd\u91c7\u6837
      1) \u628a\u63a8\u7406\u94fe\u62c6\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u201c\u6b65\u9aa4\uff08step\uff09\u201d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u6811\u4e2d\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002
      2) \u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u8ba1\u7b97 token \u5e73\u5747\u56f0\u60d1\u5ea6 p(step)\uff1a\u8d8a\u9ad8\u8868\u793a\u8d8a\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u3002
      3) \u82e5 p(step) \u2265 \u03b8\uff0c\u5219\u5bf9\u8be5\u6b65\u9aa4\u91cd\u751f\u6210\u6700\u591a K \u6b21\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u56f0\u60d1\u5ea6\u6700\u4f4e\u7684\u5019\u9009\u7ee7\u7eed\u5f80\u4e0b\u63a8\u7406\u3002
      4) \u03b8 \u63a7\u5236\u201c\u89e6\u53d1\u9891\u7387\u201d\uff0cK \u63a7\u5236\u201c\u6700\u5927\u5206\u652f\u6570\u201d\uff1a\u5728\u51c6\u786e\u7387\u4e0e\u63a8\u7406\u8017\u65f6\u4e4b\u95f4\u505a\u6298\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      \u56db. \u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u8bc4\u4f30<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      \u5b9e\u9a8c\u4efb\u52a1\u60c5\u666f\uff1a\u80a1\u7968\u6295\u8d44\u5efa\u8bae\u4e0e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u63a8\u7406\u95ee\u7b54\u3002
      RQ1\uff1a\u9884\u6d4b\/\u95ee\u7b54\u662f\u5426\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\uff1f\uff08Accuracy\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u4efb\u52a1\u8fd8\u7528 MCC\uff09
      RQ2\uff1a\u89e3\u91ca\u8d28\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u66f4\u597d\uff1f\uff08PROOF-Score\uff1aRC\/DS\/FA\uff09
      RQ3\uff1a\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u7b56\u7565\u4e0a\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u5728\u201c\u6548\u679c-\u8017\u65f6\u201d\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fbe\u5230\u66f4\u4f18\u6298\u4e2d\uff1f\uff08\u4e0d\u540c search \u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u5bf9\u6bd4\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff081\uff09\uff1a\u9884\u6d4b\/\u95ee\u7b54\u51c6\u786e\u7387
      \uff081\uff09\u6cd5\u5f8b QA\uff1aDomaino1s-legal\uff087B\uff09\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u8fbe\u5230\u66f4\u9ad8\u5e73\u5747\u51c6\u786e\u7387\uff08Avg\u224878.33\uff09\uff0c\u4f18\u4e8e Domain-CoT-legal\uff08Avg\u224877.09\uff09\u548c\u591a\u79cd\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6a21\u578b\u3002
      \uff082\uff09\u91d1\u878d\u9884\u6d4b\uff1aDomaino1s-finance \u5728 Accuracy \u4e0e MCC \u4e0a\u5c0f\u5e45\u4f46\u7a33\u5b9a\u4f18\u4e8e\u57fa\u5ea7\u4e0e\u82e5\u5e72\u91d1\u878d\u6a21\u578b\u57fa\u7ebf\u3002
      \uff083\uff09\u8bad\u7ec3\/\u63a8\u7406\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e Qwen-2.5-Instruct\uff1bSFT lr=5e-5\uff0cepoch=120\uff0cmax_len=2048\uff1b\u63a8\u7406\u65f6 \u03b8=1.1\uff0cK=2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      \u5bf9\u6bd4\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff082\uff09\uff1a\u4e0d\u540c\u641c\u7d22\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u201c\u6548\u679c\u2014\u8017\u65f6\u201d\u6298\u4e2d
      Selective Tree Exploration \u5728\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u8017\u65f6\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u53d6\u5f97\u66f4\u9ad8\u51c6\u786e\u7387\uff08\u76f8\u540c beam \u8bbe\u7f6e\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      \u6d88\u878d\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff1a\u5206\u652f\u6570 K \u589e\u5927 \u2192 \u51c6\u786e\u7387\u4e0a\u5347\u4f46\u8017\u65f6\u5feb\u901f\u589e\u957f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      PROOF-Score\uff1aGPT-4o \u8bc4\u5206\uff081~7\uff09\uff0c\u7efc\u5408 RC\/DS\/FA\uff1b\u65e0\u89e3\u91ca\u8f93\u51fa\u8bb0 0 \u5206\u3002
      \u91d1\u878d\u4e0e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\uff0cDomaino1s \u7684 PROOF-Score \u5747\u4e3a\u6700\u9ad8\uff08\u8868 4\uff09\u3002
      \u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u4e25\u683c\u552f\u4e00\u7b54\u6848\u4efb\u52a1\u9700\u4e0e Accuracy \u8054\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u201c\u903b\u8f91\u6e05\u6670\u4f46\u7ed3\u8bba\u9519\u8bef\u201d\u7684\u504f\u9ad8\u5206\u3002
      \u4eba\u7c7b\u5bf9\u9f50\uff1a\u8bba\u6587\u9080\u8bf7\u91d1\u878d\/\u6cd5\u5f8b\u65b9\u5411\u535a\u58eb\u53c2\u4e0e\u8bc4\u5206\uff0c\u6574\u4f53\u8d8b\u52bf\u4e0e GPT-4o \u8bc4\u59d4\u63a5\u8fd1\uff0c\u4f46\u5173\u952e\u573a\u666f\u5efa\u8bae\u4e13\u5bb6 in-the-loop\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u4e94. \u5bf9\u9f50\u601d\u8003<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      1. \u6280\u672f\u521b\u65b0\u2014\u2014\u903b\u8f91\u601d\u7ef4\u63a8\u7406\u6846\u67b6\uff1a\u5c06\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u7406\u94fe\u53d8\u5f97\u53ef\u63a7\uff0c\u628a\u8bc4\u5206\u8fc7\u7a0b\u62c6\u6210\u201c\u53ef\u590d\u7528\u6b65\u9aa4\u6a21\u677f\u201d\uff08\u89c4\u5219\u5b9a\u4f4d\u2192\u8bc1\u636e\u5bf9\u9f50\u2192\u5206\u9879\u6253\u5206\u2192\u98ce\u9669\/\u5408\u89c4\u2192\u603b\u5206\/\u7b49\u7ea7\uff09\uff1b\u501f\u9274 PROOF \u7684\u591a\u7ef4 rubric \u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u628a\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3001\u5408\u89c4\u6027\u3001\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6027\u7b49\u4e00\u4e9b\u7ef4\u5ea6\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u8bc4\u5206\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f00\u653e\u5f0f\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u8d28\u91cf\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      2. \u6280\u672f\u76ee\u6807\u2014\u2014\u4e13\u4e1a\u624b\u518c\u516c\u4f17\u670d\u52a1\uff1a\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7ed9\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u660e\u786e\u5f15\u7528\u4f9d\u636e\u3001\u89e3\u91ca\u6263\u5206\u70b9\u3001\u63d0\u793a\u98ce\u9669\u4e0e\u5408\u89c4\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u628a\u5206\u6563\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u516c\u4f17\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u900f\u660e\u5ea6\u4e0e\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u590d\u6838\u4e0e\u8d23\u4efb\u754c\u5b9a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u8bc1\u636e\u94fe\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      3. \u573a\u666f\u529f\u80fd\u2014\u2014\u98df\u517b\u901a\u8bc4\u5206&\u8bc6\u522b\u54c1\u7c7b\u529f\u80fd\uff1a\u5c06\u54c1\u7c7b\u8bc6\u522b + \u8d28\u91cf\u8bc4\u5206\u7edf\u4e00\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u6761\u63a8\u7406\u94fe\uff1a\u5148\u505a\u54c1\u7c7b\u548c\u5b50\u7c7b\u5224\u5b9a\uff0c\u518d\u6309\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u65e2\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u5b8c\u6210\u98ce\u9669\u9879\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u5408\u89c4\u6838\u67e5\u4e0e\u5206\u9879\u8bc4\u5206\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u8f93\u51fa\u603b\u8bc4\u5206\u4e0e\u8bc4\u7ea7\uff0c\u5e76\u540c\u6b65\u7ed9\u51fa\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u6263\u5206\u4f9d\u636e\u4e0e\u6539\u8fdb\u5efa\u8bae\uff1b\u5f53\u8bc1\u636e\u4e0d\u8db3\u6216\u89c4\u5219\u51b2\u7a81\u65f6\u89e6\u53d1\u5c40\u90e8\u91cd\u751f\u6210\u6216\u8bf7\u6c42\u8865\u5145\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8bc4\u5206\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4e0e\u53ef\u5ba1\u8ba1\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        \u4f5c\u8005\uff1aXu Chu, Zhijie Tan, Hanlin Xue, Guanyu Wang, Tong Mo […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":75,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4658","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-events"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4658","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/75"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4658"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4658\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4709,"href":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4658\/revisions\/4709"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4658"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4658"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4658"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}