{"id":2878,"date":"2025-04-14T22:53:49","date_gmt":"2025-04-14T14:53:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/?p=2878"},"modified":"2025-04-14T22:53:49","modified_gmt":"2025-04-14T14:53:49","slug":"active-preference-learning-for-large-language-models","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/active-preference-learning-for-large-language-models\/","title":{"rendered":"Active Preference Learning for Large Language Models"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u6765\u6e90\uff1aICML
\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aWilliam Muldrew, Peter Hayess\u7b49
\u5355\u4f4d\uff1aUCL\u4f26\u6566\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u9662
\u53d1\u8868\u65f6\u95f4\uff1a2024 \u5e74 6 \u6708<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e00\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u80cc\u666f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

LLM\u4e0e\u5fae\u8c03\uff1a
\u968f\u7740\u5927\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u5982GPT\u6a21\u578b\uff09\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5bf9\u9f50\u4eba\u7c7b\u504f\u597d\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u95ee\u9898\u3002
\u5fae\u8c03\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u57fa\u4e8e\u4eba\u7c7b\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff08RLHF\uff09\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\u9ad8\u3001\u8d85\u53c2\u6570\u654f\u611f\u4e14\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u5dee\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u76f4\u63a5\u504f\u597d\u4f18\u5316\uff08DPO\uff09\uff1a
\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3RLHF\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u504f\u597d\u4f18\u5316\uff08DPO\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u4e14\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002
DPO\u901a\u8fc7\u76f4\u63a5\u4f18\u5316\u504f\u597d\u6570\u636e\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8bad\u7ec3\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8eDPO\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u504f\u597d\u5b66\u4e60\uff08APL\uff09\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed3\u5408\u9884\u6d4b\u71b5\u548c\u504f\u597d\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u6765\u667a\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u5fae\u8c03\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8LLM\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6548\u7387\u548c\u6700\u7ec8\u8868\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e8c\u3001APL\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

APL\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u63d0\u9ad8\u5fae\u8c03\u6548\u679c\uff1a
\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0e\u5fae\u8c03\u5faa\u73af\uff1a
APL\u91c7\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fed\u4ee3\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u5fae\u8c03\u7684\u5faa\u73af\uff1a
\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u4e2d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u524d\u6a21\u578b\u72b6\u6001\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u6279\u6570\u636e\uff0c
\u7136\u540e\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u504f\u597d\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6807\u7b7e\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u5fae\u8c03\u3002
\u83b7\u53d6\u51fd\u6570\uff1a
\u4e3a\u4e86\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u6709\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5fae\u8c03\uff0cAPL\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u6d4b\u71b5\u548c\u504f\u597d\u6a21\u578b\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u51fd\u6570
\u4e3b\u52a8\u91c7\u6837\uff1a
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u52a8\u91c7\u6837\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u91cd\u70b9\u9009\u62e9\u90a3\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u504f\u597d\u6392\u5e8f\u4e0a\u4fe1\u5fc3\u8f83\u4f4e\u6216\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u8fdb\u884c\u5fae\u8c03\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e09\u3001Acquisition Function\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. \u9884\u6d4b\u71b5\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    \u8861\u91cf\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u751f\u6210completions\u65f6\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002
    \u71b5\u9ad8\u8868\u793a\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\uff08\u63d0\u793a\uff09\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u4e0a\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u8f83\u4e3a\u5206\u6563\u3002
    \u9009\u62e9\u71b5\u9ad8\u7684\u6837\u672c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u805a\u7126\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5e2e\u52a9\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    1. \u504f\u597d\u6a21\u578b\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      \u7528\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u5b8c\u6210\uff08y0\u548cy1\uff09\u7684\u504f\u597d\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u3002
      \u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u9ad8\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e2a\u63d0\u793a\u4e0b\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6210\u6709\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684\u504f\u597d\u3002
      \u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u4f18\u5148\u9009\u62e9\u90a3\u4e9b\u9690\u6027\u5956\u52b1\u5dee\u5f02\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u8fdb\u884c\u6807\u7b7e\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u5fae\u8c03\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      \u56db\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      1.\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
      \u540d\u79f0<\/strong><\/td>\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/td><\/tr>
      \u6570\u636e\u96c6<\/td>IMDB \u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff1a\u5b8c\u6210\u7535\u5f71\u8bc4\u8bba\u7684\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u751f\u6210\u79ef\u6781\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u3002
      TLDR \u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff1a\u603b\u7ed3Reddit\u5e16\u5b50\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u3002<\/td><\/tr>
      \u6a21\u578b\u9009\u62e9<\/td>GPT-2\uff08IMDB\u4efb\u52a1\uff09\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e12\u5c42\u3001768\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002
      Pythia3\uff08TLDR\u4efb\u52a1\uff09\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e16\u5c42\u30012048\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/td><\/tr>
      \u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u6cd5<\/td>IMDB\uff1a\u4e0e\u521d\u59cb\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002
      TLDR\uff1a\u4e0e\u4eba\u5de5\u751f\u6210\u7684\u603b\u7ed3\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      2.\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6\u7b56\u7565<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      \u4e3a\u4e86\u8bc4\u4f30APL\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u56db\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6\u7b56\u7565\uff1a
      \u968f\u673a\u91c7\u6837\uff08Random\uff09\uff1a\u4ece\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6807\u7b7e\u83b7\u53d6\u3002
      \u71b5\u91c7\u6837\uff08Entropy\uff09\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u9884\u6d4b\u71b5\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u5177\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u8fdb\u884c\u6807\u7b7e\u83b7\u53d6\u3002
      \u504f\u597d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff08Preference Certainty\uff09\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u504f\u597d\u6392\u5e8f\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6807\u7b7e\u83b7\u53d6\u3002
      \u71b5+\u504f\u597d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff08Entropy + Preference Certainty\uff09\uff1a\u7ed3\u5408\u71b5\u548c\u504f\u597d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      3.\u504f\u597d\u9884\u6d4b\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      \u6b63\u786e\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u9891\u7387\uff1a\u67f1\u72b6\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u7eff\u8272\u90e8\u5206\u8868\u793a\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u6d4b\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u786e\u4fe1\u5ea6\u533a\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u504f\u597d\u6392\u5e8f\u4e0e\u771f\u5b9e\u7684oracle\u504f\u597d\u6392\u5e8f\u4e00\u81f4\u3002
      \u9519\u8bef\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u9891\u7387\uff1a\u67f1\u72b6\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u7ea2\u8272\u90e8\u5206\u8868\u793a\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u6d4b\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u786e\u4fe1\u5ea6\u533a\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u504f\u597d\u6392\u5e8f\u4e0e\u771f\u5b9e\u7684oracle\u504f\u597d\u6392\u5e8f\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u7efc\u5408\u5bf9\u5176\u601d\u8003<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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      \u8fd9\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3b\u52a8\u504f\u597d\u5b66\u4e60\uff08APL\uff09\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u63d0\u9ad8\u5927LLM\u5728\u504f\u597d\u5bf9\u9f50\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6548\u7387\u548c\u6700\u7ec8\u8868\u73b0\u3002
      \u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u667a\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u5177\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5fae\u8c03\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u6807\u7b7e\u9884\u7b97\u6709\u9650\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u7efc\u5408\u5bf9\u5176\u601d\u8003
      \u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u51fd\u6570\u901a\u8fc7\u9009\u62e9\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u5927\u504f\u597d\u6392\u5e8f\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5fae\u8c03\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u9ad8\u5bf9\u6bd4\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bf9\uff0c\u5373\u9009\u62e9\u90a3\u4e9b\u5728\u7528\u6237\u504f\u597d\u4e0a\u6709\u663e\u8457\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002
      \u4e3b\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u501f\u9274APL\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u52a8\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u5b66\u4e60\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u6765\u6e90\uff1aICML\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aWilliam Muldrew, Peter Hayess\u7b49\u5355\u4f4d\uff1aUCL\u4f26\u6566\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\u53d1\u8868\u65f6 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":60,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2878","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-events"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2878","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/60"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2878"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2878\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2886,"href":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2878\/revisions\/2886"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2878"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2878"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.15zhi.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2878"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}